Journal of Circular Economy

Circular economy represents a fundamental departure from the traditional linear economic model. However, this transition poses a challenge and will inevitably have winners and losers. While the formalization of circular economy indicators may seem simple, its implications are profound and complex. Several countries, such as the EU, China, Japan, and Colombia, have already formalized their monitoring and evaluation framework; however, critical knowledge gaps persist due to the lack of universally recognized indicators. This study focuses on Indonesia, an emerging nation currently in the process of designing its circular economy monitoring framework. To achieve this, a triangulated methodology is employed, encompassing literature reviews, Economy-Wide Material Flow Analysis (EW-MFA), and expert interviews with the ministry and experts. Thirteen multidimensional indices, including common and custom indicators for Indonesia, are compiled. This study offers valuable insights and lesson learned to monitor and evaluate national and global transition towards circular economies.

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